17 ก.ค. 2554

การเปลี่ยนประโยค Active voice เป็น Passive voice ในTense ต่างๆ

หลักการเปลี่ยน
 
     ข้อที่ 1.เปลี่ยนกรรมในประโยค Active ไปเป็นประธานในประโยค Passive 
   ข้อที่ 2.เปลี่ยนกริยาเดิมให้เป็น กริยาช่องที่ 3 และใช้ Verb to be ประกอบข้างหน้า ซึ่ง Verb to beที่ใช้นี้จะต้องให้เหมาะกับประธานใหม่ในประโยค Passive Voice และยังคงรักษาTense เดิมในประโยค Active ด้วย 
     ข้อที่ 3. นำประธานในประโยค Active กลับไปเป็น กรรม ตามหลัง by ในประโยค Passive

การเปลี่ยนประโยค Active voice เป็น Passive voice  ในTense  ต่างๆ

                                                        Present Tense   
  Present Simple 

                              Active                                                   Passive
                              I work.                                                I am worked.
                             You work.                                         You are worked.
                             He work.                                               He is worked.
                             They work.                                      They are worked.
Active : The hunter shoots two tigers.
(นายพรานยิงเสือสองตัว)
Passive : Two tigers are shot by the hunter
.(เสือสองตัวถูกยิงโดยนายพราน)
Active : He teaches Thai students.
(เขาสอนเด็กนักเรียนไทย)
Passive : Thai students are taught by him.
(นักเรียนไทยถูกสอนโดยเขา) ___________________________________________________________________  
   Present Continuous 
                                     Active                                             Passive
                               I am working.                                I am being worked.
                               You are working.                       You are being worked.
                               He is working.                               He is being worked.
                              They are working.                     They are being worked.
Active : The boys are playing football.
(เด็กชายหลายคนกำลังเล่นฟุตบอล)
Passive : Football is being played by the boy. (ฟุตบอลกำลังถูกเล่นโดยเด็กผู้ชาย)
 ___________________________________________________________________
   Present Perfect 

                                      Active                                             Passive
                               I have worked.                             I have been worked.
                              You have worked.                     You have been worked.
                              He has worked.                            He has been worked.
                             They have worked.                  They have been worked.
 Active : She has made the dress
.(หล่อนตัดเสื้อชุดสำเร็จ)
Passive :The dress had been made by her. (ชุดถูกตัดเรียบร้อยโดยหล่อน)                            
___________________________________________________________________
                                                      Past Tense 
 Past Simple
                                 Active                                                  Passive
                              I worked.                                             I was worked.
                             You worked.                                      You were worked.
                             He worked.                                         He was worked.
                             They worked.                                   They were worked.
Active : I shot the birds.
(ฉันได้ยิงนกหลายตัว)
Passive : The birds were shot by me.
(นกหลายตัวได้ถูกยิงโดยฉัน)
___________________________________________________________________
 Past Continuous 

                                    Active                                              Passive
                               I was working.                              I was being worked.
                               You were working.                  You were being worked.
                               He was working.                        He was being worked.
                              They were working.                They were being worked.
Active : He was eating mangoes
.(เขากำลังรับประทานมะม่วง)
Passive : Mangoes were being eaten by him. (มะม่วงถูกรับประทานโดยเขา)
___________________________________________________________________ 
Past Perfect 
                                      Active                                            Passive
                               I had worked.                               I had been worked.
                              You had worked.                        You had been worked.
                              He had worked.                           He had been worked.
                             They had worked.                      They had been worked.
Active : The carpenter has made the chair.
(ช่างไม้ได้ทำเก้าอี้แล้ว)
Passive : THe chair had been made by the carpenter. (เก้าอี้ได้ถูกทำโดยช่างไม้) ___________________________________________________________________
                                                      Future Tense
 Future Simple
                                   Active                                             Passive
                              I shall worked.                              I shall be worked.
                             You will worked.                           You will be worked.
                             He will worked.                             He will be worked.
                             They will worked.                       They will be worked.
Active : Naree will sing a song.
(นารีจะร้องเพลง)
Passive : A song will be sung by Naree. (เพลงจะถูกร้องโดยนารี)
___________________________________________________________________
Future Perfect
                                        Active                                       Passive
                              I shall have worked.               I shall have been worked.
                             You will have been worked.    You will have been worked.
                             He will have worked.               He will have been worked.
                             They will have worked.         They will have been worked.
Active : Naree will be singing a song
.(นารีกำลังจะร้องเพลง)
Passive : A song will be being sung by Naree. (เพลงกำลังจะถูกร้องโดยนารี)
 ___________________________________________________________________
  สิ่งพึงจำ
1.  ในประโยคที่กริยาไม่ต้องการกรรม เปลี่ยนเป็นประโยค Passive Voice ไม่ได้
2.     ประธานในประโยค Active เป็น someone , somebody , people , they , we เมื่อเปลี่ยนเป็นประโยค Passive Voice จะไม่ใส่ by
Active:  Someone opened the door.
(มีคนบางคนเปิดประตู)
Passive : The door was opened
.(ประตูถูกเปิดออก)

                         
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